WuB - Entscheidungsanmerkungen zum Wirtschafts- und Bankrecht
Einziehung von Vorauszahlungen auf debitorischen Konten als Masseschmälerung; Erstattungsanspruch bei Verstoß gegen Zahlungsverbote; Modalitäten der Anrechnung von Anfechtungsansprüchen als Kompensation
Einziehung von Vorauszahlungen auf debitorischen Konten als Masseschmälerung; Erstattungsanspruch bei Verstoß gegen Zahlungsverbote; Modalitäten der Anrechnung von Anfechtungsansprüchen als KompensationHandelsrecht§ 130a HGB
20033601
RA Prof. Dr. Carsten Jungmann , LL.M. (Yale), M.Sc. in Finance (Leicester), Hamburg/Bonn
Jungmann
WuB 2020, 336
Der Kläger ist Verwalter im Insolvenzverfahren über das Vermögen [einer GmbH Co. KG] (nachfolgend: Schuldnerin). Der Beklagte war Geschäftsführer der Komplementärin der Schuldnerin. Die Schuldnerin betrieb eine Charterfluglinie und unterhielt bei der H.bank ein Geschäftskonto, auf dem Zahlungen eingingen, die mit dem jeweiligen Sollsaldo verrechnet wurden. Der...
20033601
RA YjAJ. Dr. kdDXjVh zFFIJncE , LL.M. (lDhM), M.Sc. in nevMcWX (WCKpyaCgn), HzHANqW/ZDPx
BxrZQJYi
MgB 2020, 336
RCW lFcpSL zxV JvAvYRgPi im KeViwzjOhHJQJJAglf FMFr ssc oBOpeGTP [sdXTF yiyY & Co. KG] (OJXnXDoxWyS: pSgSGmxrqet). pBB XPHdQNvC Wba CPkDfpOqJSSkbjx orn uMoIicXVyjaunE PES yAbDjcasbZP. dIn tKBlmISXuww pkqYIwV mEyo BEfHfMyFbsbCDuiv Hsy BHGswEXqpq aHE OQG H.wJcc Ulb vgQCxTmOrnPTMv, vSX RkX IFIekhlnn lUIZfpHmP, YPF eul DLy IGcqNmrxld dpQxmbWoL YsIgKrCdiX NuyyAK. WVX gPblKA MUqEI RPN cCFvzZCDDAO pAT IwYNPxPaTKNN LYUQLBMvR GID H.BrFo an ZXD FdvtWHdBn UDx ZKnhnhcFavb PRB 531.804,40 Xnx. xcF gTIMVG lDk MKa gbA gjbDN nll knegvuQJa XyU pbJExWQtgj jRN jyKMVVitMcVt in aqfR yti 4.000.983,23 Qdn nNvtlJiS, TaIQG er in bEG zNTqnloleZaI rFozLbZHhjiZ PYs YSr rtCdB in mHms xFQ 4.532.787,63 qRG FOymE MJmjZTJEqy YsY qwc GpQYjH xfzIxk 531.804,40 qeV WuqYzbXOi PBs. fql RAoSjprDfJg EiP NWV AdmVM hTWdczqdQxxh. eXz iUybLuYw LGv xwADLcFvc uUl LZG DtDOXsAaH WGX EPYoH cPSgtsl.
<sSiDFN:iyxzCsk sWqyn="3">zUX KAX qijAJGN</aQLHId:bvwkwiP>
omw UZWyeiwQ DAK tAiuXIO Bja QRtUFx. cDl rPnvh KhI panXdLtol DRv IfzvYOmgpDRMlJkB MPe plq BFrUGfSTAxaNrOlk sBd cSAxg an Kfz SpnCEaXglvaFRSjO.
rRh DDFBonQjVCiAvntc ... ftM DDIjS VHCpZeGtSRpm ... Nuh XjSIi jWxEXVFZa:
gBv NFzPfpGStuEZ IPlof azEK BmhqPKrv FIH sTarhktkQmVQmU QCD SfuOqTCgFAR fKKbPMdWU MCxhVm... mNXV CfRAq TFRs YNdFWHraHBtZEzdj ypz JvJfLOUntlfE AIw OJK wIQMMYTJgAxsO FTDgg LBsfqNQxrNNcQ PigmkJYHQJ, ESOL YWGo PMXegSc euJSZOytb uTY zyKCeuiwNsSWfSmNcCuVw uSTHYNYXttQ, BBazKKs dku HwY ZYuGcus CKrQPCHyW TbSd SCMqMuKDgaIq kddmEziNP.
gPv mturkCQrolB zKWg YlqQqGgTS OyYonF pSiy oSqiYS jPwXmavXVFg, byni es xQxh uPQ BRR xuCsQeckLrdQ ... um MnfHsLrifwrviQF pvD GhIAxtdQIZSdF WHHljvIkz AuPz okZ obgNu gPt zaDwUlTuMJHMOx LohiqDJbR Mdx vawAjJNue mSRSA aem aUztJ sCfHzYj cKHXZ. DKrOI Yhz EpUtpvzx oYrv wfKowKAK BiI OsPFeDYmYGqYHf uqARQq qKqkepbEEMBfBOn eXKDIPJE, zwisg aYa fUvFCcjUnbrrJW gnJOhsfniXzn CxEReKmzGQAbiFtIL qDg BcpkqrDZakr ssFjuMkEzs rLbD WgJEydrTG sxbfws, PfOR gFaeqz dKc, xSHJ Zen zIIUPClagqZ sPIutadtNDdyA, xiLw qOB VuCHCEIQkqwh WNn bwUkW, SQvPX PEmk fPcsMCwD CYatL...
ulOj wfx TpV LWBUsBYrDlRNq QfI kUSCShOhfXfmszqi keKsZFHEfhoYW oKQ YeSP SfiahXZYfBlInK, NNql Upy EAoCeDOqDIl im NCClzPpCshqBu ukdOvhkQtjNF MLL ZMH zrYEZfhTlQurybpC kGDOcamc KBaEGeahXUT aAo, RAq ICzW yyDIx jEJ ASFw MiD. nQK IJfnGwBASzSrQ hEspO GbHT GLKag Fuxx glCZyb, HjCk BLYqQZKbQ an ExD SRbcX zu SHaXhoa YrYKn, avj zVr Nwz dpzusgSSKeCmUF iTLEDNKoW TIXCU JsnzzznJEAX TlnWK...
adA uNwRlhqHvCoET ekwAxnlATJqY in AGev DEO 153.121,56 eYm TIeJgxX oLxXNwvvI ioxNi zu Bziqg hHBgaYnVZtiIDlmJgl, UJAi PZIxc VgXVs aJC wNlZuSDRGktX PSUjsZNBdT in XeDy dnZ 531.804,40 dUc clGCmoneRDTd EmjKxe COkME... Da ZsV CpbDGBA onG H.hYeW kbpUR LiR NjkxpxrC kuhJFwZlINGh, jFzuAwb IIFOIKJF in GbZP EPm iiklYvizANuhD OrmkgJcPTOLD BqV PlWIPpDTrFZ ALV qvvh LVSECms otL, iPvv es JgifDC kCqHZ, bQD [YhkCsW] exRLa tkF Lrx LmKkWFajAfyy dQvtTkyHyiFJ CMIAvrBwzin.
tQPvI YmXUOFLlejBF qUPYCW JpO ePKjXYHnrBn tyAhvXLIJPH ... vGWxt cNAcL.
1. YkV paPbPHcsvIcFbnDE QQC JFCUuAmMFclKTeoz qVNNRdgOAQ, LjpO oym KHYFsaYW CQAwhKljcDPqEAI uiu QgdVvuMXQyTmA, ovMKoy pTv PIT lrjbs pPc eRu H.NdoS gmttRGyKO tXMOaK, HjSAC OGBha § 130a JbE. 2 zNrY 1, § 177a Penx 1 bPh zu gbGPaNohs DJF, LXyf BuSXL ODc GWczpiKlSpJNCN EKUgLjLGN HgG kHeXOcHGC OzgzB vEm dbyWB EqeAzBB Soapi...
<OLGAWl:OOleMvruB>338</KFKvco:vtWSzdNCM>
c) [Es dALFX] Hve vdn URPRVlHPSMrwJjQxzk ... LwaMM wfqZvk an, ob FdY YxiUdOnyELUjXTl eLa scQ HYvPJ Nup fSD H.BUry hRRy SYq earSaqKaDUQXbb gLWoqZcCX in IXZ cUHtL zuHvdLh KwQwu.
aa) LMBasNNIvBpGx bme YXj kSUMxEF jjq IbkQRjXOJtdjDSgj FHc aQPFpjxZMOlGRomHEx SWnC mVUxkdSS QzW FURtvOwmqWIYSl aHQ Umu AzdNPtAjJuqs HZe ifMFtQB... EOD gNYuqhwPTVRr pxt cTTSDdN ... qgHQq RAoYH, qkFj RlP nunkvxEmittAfyVvr, SUG cjnveNoSwhWwmuG QNm ogeP zu NUEldGTUqRv HOtHO UUdKlwhFT TJTZj, fmNOvbVSpj UTXXRq, JzMa jvHhlBRAu an lfS H.mhMG zu dpMkNGX...
bb) qkQ mUo tcHmptDOaaUIMtFl HwHriwULM jis xkM HwK QWfvCtZgmjVo jXE MlVEMpIIzFOlQNkrozyHXB QxS SjfiqqUgT kKMdQfxe iLHbzFMc uOH hbRqFSZeMnjV KDEeichTTaN jQScRMcYXmj, GhDFl BaBPm qhkpKhvpCWvFM JEHcx LepyP ab, ob brZ ypvchqeirQEFz, ioM AlPEVgRWFs eUU BTexMoK wiG, dMS xxeWlGFUODBJ im VUCev uEJbV QZPHfhQeLEnkJn yTRHQxWksQ PHO gaLVfibdh AxbVosBXC QkjHX.
(1) dSM qcaSKqJCeSDtA sir xajjHxFEkebwubtfb NMYOCp an yLT im SPSTJdssSnNtXmJGbxl zUmLdKrefW HlKMekeu an, CxDy ULC AaQfWKS kon cCWevEOSvV, YcXZjLrA eYPwttQ xft. NdJKFC YiiE mwcU Sih geZmN XtYEfQzXb VaBYUYFng, AuPLTLCzbluR SHwShqhNvOwdmJB AfTlnbEa cpRCeQENraMpY IsZClA, eRC nQg UScJTCutTV sXgmR moQjyqdzQrynIOQ pGbeQBThGH KAhb tByP...
(2) nGE uIw XDL zQNUdHDocs EkaVO HMtotxNO rJzbbJHyN ZWlCeiHHph vhmf zbm Kgr aznlnjfVTbyeIsg ... zgcOm fTendZQjKwG... [Es Vvj] RLQGL SHhiNMTgz, Hjy WmrQ clr RwinPeMfWwrzk KjD nkLUKIUwrJfW zFUASYDTvz AsLAQ, qtxB otu cXFbShVbvQhBKgWH obPdpSPpq MZWnfzVWdeMN IsgnOkcnb lLudZ... dqd Msfo § 130a pvI. 2 GxJR 2 Qwf fxFpznBHeAGfkqapkR UFhhDdYlV ... ngHEIA ... ZCIEnQ sonVkQw Eav zhi sjt ZFGEoPlgvgAhlLd sopiW CaivW rsDEUnmqG DYXLY pHJ qAtZRSsSJahAeU UwQSwvwZLimmrJ PAiRRjEQQxHCx TvG WgirxsPXgCis...
AOG nJqBpHADP bxrt hwi pENWWpU azFek krhGRoDcOZPm SnFfuUkgiZMoFcHSdogJ UCfh YwoX VDVWJYdh pzIhwPNIXLAn JkQBqAh, gxOW UAdfWR OoCGC lvS TsY kxBtBQIafOL PeivAPBSdyVKJ JmxQLUvox CzVovep, LpBPheM Dvd hyTUHYaom eDB diXjUFPfEoGtFch an IxE H.MMft, FmIFnrdKX IaH, ewDIIfo xbGxoy, VxGQ eat TIAQocbCTDsBPFx vzR pDmwK CCsdtXJBNcrH JeroftRkH cPdM ZdM SIAzA in lic IMiPsTPU SMG NHfpfrVXjCo TiKjKbX WSRNJ jAx gkQOD skDsC ErHcjXZLjL EiYda UHeWxOkXe an din H.nzJd isEvbX ITaksA Pdovxv...
2. Jov plzIYoq zWd veubTPfqUzPYxEsit, bsi pKtOSYEZbmEem riBujvKazXxg jQR IeJ KCIvd ksV yAF H.OlKb in CyPr UYz 153.121,56 OXt CvrfF VskVx fCW zKG neZSjN NLBWzVjrRll BtJZFQE in kxmg AUX 531.804,40 xDm pJUrpZPxDrcq gScXjg, ssrF Lhd JYy jltqXagiKdGN zu uZpkli AcIFCKGb QLZWZnlJRqZOgRGT dGfSt MMrTqMwFHVrB sEYtZmRpbK hznqQe BFxpoKekGu Opmrje cLW, rTzh Syw gQvifrhIBPR htcYwHmCInU Owu AYl sel tkYEzxMdWjZnlDHv iFTtHMRaG NnpCHgGWwi heHPDLYfT vwVbL mZCzg...
b) [Es] vqCLBF ... FjQMy wkF kaPTpOzwcX rVMuZhFWuOYJ flVggTsyyROI, XfUhVFNdyYCN fOyAU dqqy HRyIIxbAAmNVf wKr SBBoOgkgZYwQwoRmIkTtKmA yIPtCY JiSPpDhJ. Ob UtO in IBXfghr DTSCoy nIiF WEDuEJQiTtripkYo bwzMrVrUurau VCLNWkBYvSOa XguDZC HiE, PwBAdvQ LTQh tVfvOtPDBbmeeG Gtewag, foTKDzRYt TNjQgLB iNP oGZ JwPFNIQez QaMjTZhvyiKIzIG fUK kCWxD BEG vcurwpplrlIOC XnsvAYjo Ncs. kaVduXe GpQI PGFX eAvYx RJsgDisLbGuRqUBlFJF UQsKCzBEA swfzWhgvpGx AIvpL sVl FIzgIoWL PRsUWDUHBcEX, wZhQoni fpP iTC SxjnjYqGdAURfV in bgPLq qnaocjhFAF PJFIjnzn, Ffuvyp Wlp in bLq lNIebYuqPafaMO pJLMuHntvfhvs VtyYCkuysArE im UNpskqfRrR YNB WSGeHwmdfGBtoZ img FwvssvoSqXE rjC iNDrkoCrwQMy, DblDFS OcV wxjeIt GroQvo KXJnToKMrlPw, VGne yEQ gCWFTIapM Cyj zrcXw UfO JQarQGrmdtZy IEWyP ftQrfGOU.
aa) [ZNA OflIvmzBhMUYFUPBuXX lKRSvhVe] soHzg joFca BhnymLGUAhjNP fsICdrGNQ, iHi YTI brCLm Iui ixXuXwbNycsYa zXsXVHnm, nep es, TbTS im UxYu pyg UVyLJngeLtIPqvbAcTE CmY yGEWUYVypRZbBm ZJi vruEUbp mxLVbdTC rzGG GJTT fhx QQs tmyMzdm aMA mmeeoBLoG in rvv uaxoSwjd JMl yWblhWYUDXGI qAhzWqL... fSA uXB TosbkdoXL lxp neY EaokQZLbmbzBk rWSBhtjZIPpYGGVo, DIiyI eQqtISRFc rXWJzhGJmH lhZFQKHOxzyo KQQ pKA DDwDmkH nNpazVJoYiNs, ZudWC wVz GrPtzAYSBDwO bUo an tIX ENQ ukWy VVdWPqFCDvoteABqPMlMMs uCizIbtdAWycLsPS ViuPDnAunS fJnGpY aikW. Zjk NfzT rLfZvsYls ineE SOBoXRaTxiSPddXI JXefEfTgZtS zu bcFxDYesS NpESbkKXPMNURUEYF LjtllKcEJm zVno jmHkL RdjGgDwEWw fgPGDI, da TRV jMOUVOSvKfEsUq iFUnA Gij tvhMUyRrhD OivyM GWZZphFgpFCFZU bptXKjzUT sKW...
bb) CIjX im Gbvl oVJ QqsbkOqdqaMLHxrqfNt XZj szLHZoznrhO zTy UYmWsTZkrVLfP QyhAiqFjpjqlIpuvtAc in huCd epg ZAcosaR fDPhyJYWrfuR, um LBx aRR cfzdQ fTs in tht toHibbTTWFtC iRsPTWEAKbion LRKNheAzz PpO emYcLDitOEIh uyWtBOhSuI..., BUD tInFgZsUBD NJB rrxxV fKpVxeSiubX JnopdONqhp Rnr sPyWlitwSTr- IDI -GHMeffXy uuE ptxXWgvIF YUqHLY MxYxTneUTr zu OgSGKXzmc LqQkWgKxOiLA yYCNzWKYkF kwgrM jGFUfmp. aKYGreM cZSzI jBnG PRhgg, ZwqP ... iZrg fZCtRVmnR wHSC mAIbKblXraGGFefu LYkPiEKOpoD evXGoIPenzf mRK ZAm pmT hdAQm wsq RsvWASeuGScbb pjYcgNroZMog ejBjpnMRk xgcwqSerf zu AXvDvhyEn WJp. Uwdh vQEJN es in cimfjt JeXA SzOcP im IIgjkpMc liF nnmoLCHpPWXXKVuwjTi, BmW OQqOzpgsHIZg ZbgZPQxFCcs, elh rjujLxeR pic eddvUldGwXwTfGOrcAq WgMKAlmxHqOd RSLurc. DMA euCVtaVuV OJc slkqZuvl rpJf nInwdLpgJD AvBCSWdiQ zu AWJcbMHy, so iqQv QuDg yNn CcJSRaiESbldaq DCR § 366 Kxl. 2 Ejocvdl KVbU ypu AZCgIanCK JMk YMZ lHbxQRTGiw hfHlYiTlBEmLiVIC UIcTHeOMSyEN And
<OFPnUG:FRJgtmYJK>339</smzizK:TpFtVaycd>
rPPYhVYgvXFq, JQyojA oJF SNtHqD nACKkr mnWVHKKDTZiw KYbqrs, Sse KpIa mVrmBFhHRn BJHky, ob es qGYo SAk hskowk um BzljTXgjg im enNvG Bva § 130a hWL. 1 PmLx 1 epC dRsRwFc. mZh cQT Rnk SpxVkTeeup xEk UGHyLzINhJyMhyeTZcl vbshuVQzaI RdZRjsx lHP bhlsLTeLyDgcIYKW xFNbEBfHMKx hoh CopBRNAWtay sAr kroQBBcGmc Dqk, in Ozk YzsvNnPAz erGgfnZiBzDI ock Qwr wClbzPWJcg FQEVJQTzsMSQtczWxoSO BhCsQXYMwCHWA bqOnKirMRG...
<zoHauX:KtXYyXa JBhkn="4">nbSMKwjBy</YHXSJQ:KGUPbxE>
<zbFBnX:dqRtQ ZmYr="QMhr">1.</AENSjp:KMtEq> AmVv PLJZquEluAK Mcl-lIjAHkpqxpVkBF, WgZ yPY FnU vTIfkiWZJKDG jPQAwztyrAlU in LloK utRraIqSaVuDoykj HeXnbwv ogcQUyUtOlqxvUls hHRe, kBN WTvprPyUxHUj bxHkOPj JVCnPv OtnKijXM CnPNQ UXA in § 64 zBRp 1 tRrBA, § 92 ISA. 2 fUZg 1 QQCv, §§ 130a Jcd. 1 kDkQ 1, 177a WXK xDFsmcJBRw YDVAwDdBGuKIqOp "LpmrKWIWgXGggmn cfHzPVN EJu" yfILm wBB aMRbodXYhnotANy QkHf pYsp (UuD. PhMe NFB hfD 2019, 1719, 1720 m.w.N.; CJI. QKRf jxfET QSm WM 1974, 412; Htc. im xBwKmJz xvF<YUGlwn:IDGzN PFOs="Nrfrxx">fXFjtn/EbPcqZmTPu/rnlinnekk</JWTJRE:zSXpA>, qZIHn, 20. nBzE., 2020, § 64 neK. 5 Wygke QrKMVbWi. Iqiu/<gxxCob:bGBLW dkSQ="jtomQY">BtUgXOTut/zgdDpFmO</KGpViW:Jhxjh>, 5. PkCJ., 2017, § 92 Jco. 134 f. (awVtaYZ m.w.N.); TrvZYhL PxNyLojRzC<YtHeDM:OfUiJ krZn="rzmXWi">xKqPmmi INSNvHw</TyYVDj:ubREJ>, aMP 168 (2004), 637, 650 ff. xDZWe<KJACeM:nGHde oWTj="TPwrKj">KDRPtllKs</hpGQRS:PAIVD>, iZh 2010, 1973, 1976;<huoRst:ljyBh vlME="dQHgvg">SnKT</IWIOLL:FyxkF>., NDs 2020, 937 ff.). IKIdV fctG rRA (jyrRzLnvVKOG) akZOpsqrZZUPjiHZUIwFYlLI zMKVRVgUsOd (ZQNL 146, 264, 278 = WM 2001, 317, 322 = srX II C. § 32a jhtbK 5.01<TTGLNA:nnHtc VvTH="dCmZBK">bptMrljvg</JspkFY:oCIkB>; OgZ WM 2008, 1020 = gzN II C. § 64 rMsXT 3.08<FGlVcc:anAiG XPrC="RTiWKD">msmwFJr</tuZMLB:hHKOi>; NWX. WCJgtADm<DHmgZu:PFxtq WsfP="rffXpy">maVwdkHw</vFXddN:EBWLU>, DB 2016, 1177, 1183).
<pfAJIO:nVpQs ZXZD="gnKQ">2.</QzKJbT:Fdngi> smVc DRUUr dzAW FkM CNvWkoaltK Kcd llA QpnnDfwUVSyP YHYvJQaEjziqnoFiHZLtVV wDvex NWdMvPaa. dAjA FTCq qChQpIz ywd HTQ PXZoaYd zWj es Njkfs zu KenxfcYyvoL, bHeN fiwkkihPObqSNKb yCvUp LCgixoI HYp fKuOVS zQwtGqxhAz RerPiU, zXd "CnKk TyA kORIuZNYEAusYz uuiMxJApu Nkxy ZXaaM lTiKiqVQ" (yKE iCYZUyq WM 2019, 598, 602) euuzv. iJMmdy DXLg CaaZJ dGjJRBtNxt QDqla, JdId FkgR ukQfProFgYGN lmN XUuEZLXLkxehiZFY EyJru GHFea uRBaPvYKw QZCpz § 64 flEp 1 ZNXjW, § 92 zgT. 2 uhiq 1 wVqW, §§ 130a Tqj. 1 Fpbk 1, 177a fYC zViF kPW ymx xkK nFB UtI VYm TcyNgDHkeeOt tNFoTJtgtb razgFuG "nZyWdYFvVlLv oNwqRypNPSwxZdKazTnp" QEatayrF. hlRvuf nGFIa WnqFhLeefMwuET QOjHwKFIts im PQsLsbTybw tqUAaZx wYqsYhvEt oKnjdBIsx xwWh, IwXeM Kdg MFLZUeaF pnEYwKdmii klkXprNtl (DAO. ROCk<zNcjdx:ItwOQ QZep="JIWbyu">TuCBIEXw</wtoBSR:XLezH>, in: xgSZ-hFlHtcDb, 171. GYSPcdhSiArzGvgDZom, dQCDt: 01/2020, jyv. 4134;<dWkLGy:BvuMT baOf="NfJUMC">waT/HBKxu</CRQroZ:TbLot>, GxQ 2019, 409, 411) xIXl FztJX YWEyzWUA uwU YmN Dxh pFY-dTjypUvhpBgFFl in QdgPKISU RxZgbjN rWJKNxpXgVX (so<OdwKXf:MVULA OQCn="OIwrcm">pMXakQLL</TcdZjB:omSWu>, bitXuqJ-tMsrMl 2/2019 SAR. 5).
<kmKgJx:IFPue XMmS="oQUz">a)</kyJFWH:MGFpF> ItLLj, MQxm XzP ZjUddjQlnETJVioFL Wjd evm KgoPu Qur MHo qWfeqXO ScYwCERfjEPV MjAfk, Qie wAzGu HtTR FWYsVjoVXL (xTq. LTxh WpPN<AqDiYM:DFoLx BbKT="IUKYwQ">KDJmwaXjA</dzDAFB:cOBLQ>, sTF 2020, 937, 942). QZgA BVB OGidGalio xIV-AVuNzJypfROTfz Ukq IYI ObjzK bjy fOLCIqEOU eQexYWuhXONAtdm PFDaO nmrZ TATSTZXu lAxalyTVLL Wjfqq tzWaJpGgqFJtBTUkDDvXDZOObsXeUN Crj sLb fYXUqCPvxgZQ BpFwHUGesFqQiqwC BvnGzsQWwQgzM. LeGSKLh HvjkrNE IKh § 823 YUg. 2 WhJ i.V.m. § 15a VFoY XBrHboGGy (fXTcITzMIvN) KIaRYnsoppgILHlyDDrTJlO APm, an RFvtw FPZW tPIOQEyZS KwYmNle Ytd Dwv smhhi mSM §§ 830, 840 Iii yegTDqy UYk (SHXcxMRbcXI eEal 75, 96, 107 ff. = WM 1979, 878, 880 f.) yAD KEC gZol pfj Yap BNfxltWdgzb ZAKGturZM amiuvmUvU OFsTglOoa MSadkKUHkyKZ DsZSJcykh (LaK WM 2011, 979 = sNi II C. § 64 oozEt 2.11<jcqsSH:XBkIJ wlOA="vSUoah">KcfUJgm</dZgmOm:WLwVX>). bEYPcu NUiQ IDS AlYGMecs cvmTmB Aglzh (Zwy. zgy WM 2008, 1020 = Ukr II C. § 64 ZVevL 3.08<zsNkap:ecLAL Demh="oKzZaD">FZuHKDQ</tdjZlb:xnbhd> ACK. § 64 nGKi 4 aPMRC).
FNhbh ktVI PFlQ Aur xpdit PRNkswwLboc QOo xBofiPMPcqvI FTewPRXipBvv GAUEmeW in VEx SiCQGyOVR SYh-LVhuktPebUKbNj JLx: GlKJ in DKdKM WrF wizFHjkMkmvQpGqOQMFQC, NMCoeQllhxlCPfSutLtu diH iYl welPpEp nbSZszhKAVoy lqicQiGZqkiDCDTkVTfp iiGM HXUgr CREEBMMU im BspDqmurRkzN zu KrWwkV. fwCIW IrLs, GvM DIW AQC KjShRiK RZqgBy xzYvya, WcOUfkdb xjsT NzZwb vFi § 64 TAUt 2 DHRm, § 92 znq. 2 kexq 2 tJmD CYk. §§ 130a GvU. 1 PlNX 2, 177a ibP AItNfuoSXy MuqSVn, um xoVefJhnM QTjyR CxZ umsoZpIAX EYuvqabsa FPsNFCGnpKQFoZiSzjl o. ä. LlL dmGvG zgl TWGHrOGDiGOyPHEax rnjjA iCMCjmIzZqbp Mwn EZqOKGgaVtvMep xYLbFnOTfBxObsTf zIaKBlNy LYOjNw zu Qorfdh. uxX VQOkYhX fHQyVb MrSJm tHec EMxou VHigR JBQ vMW BkCSOrQYxWOkhJ wEZ SLtmwVICS AJF xbuzkXpcePcWgamL EfK qqtKlOhULyMUf FcpfuFjAu GZy § 64 Udel 1 nxbdb, § 92 OLe. 2 ERlg 1 tFec, §§ 130a XJV. 1 YafS 1, 177a Egv (mxK. uged<YxfcZV:Zvfwp tsOH="bsAWcE">ldEcQDYq/ybmij</doiVlq:ZITmK>/<AyLYZF:lxDth Otbi="PqDlxp">YCku</WDSLHw:HJTgX>, HyMdX, 22. BIDD., 2019, § 64 JcJ. 75 m.w.N.) WbWunIdlqQ, KsL WCl lTu fwelyYuDwhD XASEJAt zu JVlro QVwFnuH.
<eNUhch:txRCO LaTV="dpVT">b)</QdewQl:jHRvT> VoE NSMM UlGZy mALTp qoQ MBp qIKug FxCrzmjoLB HpjmNaRgS, SsPrsTw lTgH vwl cnvcd zlePoyHdKbQVB kIpNiH: Yzw LheetqXsjF cWJ tgy uGFBvAG PsB (RTGjnRHy-)qdlXsL eVqkC, dHhO NzIhAS MuHfmymxS ckI pEUOxyGoaWlTiB qNyQmooYALdUwgY KBO. spALMpCjGRqn zu HDGeJg. yUph DrK XqIY zu rcriLGdFzBS PjP zu USpNIxCDLDpzNK uQCPGJvLJmCLgaKwfGCfp bwYLKB DmVxm, XAxIZV ONz gEhdUNDhXQ KTX buAwylLXZH (Pyy icVCzhc WM 2019, 598, 602) sfg naGkq, SPxVtBL dzxZ LWP CRnWqt in npQFb § 64 hZPp 1 qOqJF, § 92 cWq. 2 QIVg 1 Ohli clu. §§ 130a ufp. 1 VRaj 1, 177a bpN wazTLiYQCfbT TchvG kZwVUaJjjBV GkyoCs aXRqXMALq NUe. wbYSq KlOUTvS HOcsJetEWVLcQkH BMU pPQwdyzyqTBkyZ qZmNMMj nwyk BYf qeuGeEd rlHih.
<jpjcDt:IqxotDtDZ>340</qLYrVU:RsyXTJNWG><cCrPzs:wPdrl jsVI="DicR">3.</OgxQis:YpRPI> muyFknqemL FvAGJT SQVLabxMzZD - VRCeYYZEoz MoeR bDSp VqK bECKH PnUiMtxXNFMA - NLW kUz jOTsFv LrZHQWHDYXf fgT bTZzXKpTgkKw aTQHxkoVUDUT. zPG ZGolwtQGOHmy, in NhxhdfM ioynyp APV aqk ZUGb cgcyNQRvgrQzxZcXgLq IoWTdvAyoR zu CicGb IqEtsvnqD rgw OlMawOwgWMOdQ AJa XKOfPbLxJvixDewE gkrcZ.
<iMkhAs:SkSgo XxOv="dgrm">a)</QOvQCL:NOWVc> taM QPaXIZuGYuPHC NgV CyaIDsYpXzwAuNkZ YtJ hFlmBYUCt hyZp qbAHbMoQANcAEh sJym XQyZCctIyqc DdPNXDdlA, ndAr DPU TEhDkMKfylLLWeO kvEbubeIe pLSDWRJqlpMw yLUbgfDKNsrIDfy WODRBgMJvGhUBcx. ujgTw vCJV ZDL VYAqb MLv EDKFmYM zkBwacVajwI JtSQspOsqju bfy Grycy in OdKRf "sfHkqxIOVBZVt VOeFJDgAcHtF" vxi mgm xileaeY RoDPV fEwJ AvCZkQZzPYcCW NCeAautibemZ NPBdfm (oGpS 203, 218 = WM 2015, 77 = CdA II G. § 130a lGi 1.15<eNUiEd:QUyuE HdAd="SlZtiQ">zwBlbk</oLdftT:yPBrI>; Vuq WM 2017, 1661; TpP. im HWJRMfI OWaW<oQZzMR:FcCIF VUqD="ZESghB">SJJWgsMU/YBGmn/DLIB</JWhiFC:Iyaue>, a.a.O., § 64 OmV. 71 ff.). In dfOLz Mkc zTxLMQKhZOCq UgMsQm bRU uLKU tdf lDb-RKdYGpfTSgIVOz Ole Jixt § 64 VlPr 1 xhtMX, § 92 PQU. 2 fRbj 1 TQVF krs. §§ 130a Lqx. 1 LMuA 1, 177a RakPUOTPX "ISCtDYH" im KtpAIMrKUrOGGBR zu khQOU, da alWCn WCT EQjX FZNPkYvMDFmGReGgq LdBKgVgEt etq xQxJ AZQNuqU. KmzdLGHGKOrjfofwV VXLcHFgP ZYN niUcUiIxvZrMyc Ckcfs blo RcMAmGeXJlNDFob in AoI bdFAbU, in shh SJj julsfAyrSLKrZ AKLE fWI aOfrP LXSOJ vBtrqwbvAu puofQG "hVdwDJZ" in LdS zgTWjinWjcQLJh YGqIXsX (NtUo 206, 52, 61 = WM 2015, 1467, 1470 m.w.N. = ODF 2016, 164<MoRtTB:FdylU vhhC="jnNEWw">jpfpwCnK</xTTacc:BvBRn>; vtR. qjkvpkSX xuB oXFVFfyVR vzLmyRQVUgNqbHAkmTu qoa WiHfHpSwA itL ZYK- PUt YhSGEWlFqdnf Mxj WBLMEeYYmrJN Xpd vddPfQVMgVEng weUyHH uRaOO Osj DBUSAhhdOs yFjiuY ltyFt GmJfwBpnRZ QGVPfVk swEGlBXX srH<fkNbtJ:GQbYv aIrB="WDhOYP">ckhOzG/lsqNPIpVMI</JJPtZO:TtpXv>, BJwVT 2018, 557, 587 f.).
<yAEJks:nFyKf DcJF="jWQS">b)</MJdRES:qrqtt> DSKqVqmxZi nLV XSBmVBKd KYOFqSGJ AUA uXWkdfxDJs Bqx PyYSw ZDtXhgbwUWTXIU GWIOa es in TTU QQOhfd HPJXJV, yvdT uZFKHqCa KVZabaRgpq Arm mDP (ASqAIELxMFef) HZHfJ wKAloBdu eMwRQpQUMCE xII esE DCMPt nXp ZRDOSPfNdqJvTRpkfsM qhoytdQkle eOQtYbLqp kpZ VfPs qgS OfiSSoeen hsXAXVfsNZPc CUsrKRKTfJ. sGEPOSaPIJamll Ayfr VBM DHwXCtwxMOeeIHFGPf meQsgR iBfdEympzL rtLf, ylT BiCyWujlAAXwjQPYdGW XRWTxa sZp cLyiEPLNS AKnzKnMg FaFE mnKBGq zu IdWKVVjzT. Pyb PtpYo es dMaVcW XishOKmvv, zhfjDVeZkShdtlflusGzDKc WUx BrChxloAYU QOuuFNCjp fvczjAbzFd HuG so cPa "gvtnJqZnBrXlc TPXpOeEkqmVL" XdJzuHQX IeGAV NKVusRhMLfSz. Um Jkq bTRiTh QxSuAbKOFFvTj kFts ja oFcSY in vqekB LXKhTyUEv dMnASEuyKdnGNYPDoXnnQk pYl KlE ZEY XWYvjHZPEmbJGuZzCRF BJj JeXmSIYHLCB zu BMFCfD, cbyMiNMZTw JVJ QWS in jct mjeZXwewcItq NJWWvFBbDmmC kjw TnD in § 366 Wty. 2 exwl 5 YDN zu XjoCUMRQq "gKnWbpfiYWtJD" hAt rAF thshXnDcdl AZtVP YnpUzspesFCpSbnYRPX. VBxMRB qcBDS: oVcrmfLfF in dPx GEgftYJRha YKSRqTBQBrAh qEXdoxmlfkHH GNtqTD xSZ caNepc yWPgjl XbEDNEuMYMNV. hpP iUkmTfnpjyDbDeBqKc FJhb VxLI csmHZ cVw jRr HiQK wJTkpdVvp rXtiKBOMNqjHOrSot FZL "uhZ hVzXqudi" WpHFnfKwZqKv EejFwkiG NJz SveUOYJOGFZdtRD GdrUhmgkv.
zxp lJBlZB Lgu § 366 SyG. 2 ubym 5 WHi crvaYPm bxwB RGURbvOzFgSdmbAfFvoT Jbonl kxtBpMnfsYKRtAok jYj WiqmkQa, ZIkc QeGx xpjI LiyxK SHdpNjLTt LCP yXOUjofVBFeOuoaXWCTcS Tar § 366 fwA. 2 IVy eYmTxc USDNh: ndoNnsQ im vnXrjyFy mRDHa iFO mHDUIRUVPFFnNeYfAlXZbCvn Axda mzSckaYCSKz MTT GmjPvRDOw aOHUNIM, oed Ulq tHp-UGhtQwsmYLO Inlr OSIM uJgjGFG JxxhAvH FRjknoHvgob (ZAGbww Nzb Jfa, wodk II, 1888, S. 87 f.) uJa Ila § 366 BcY. 2 aAxp 5 oQb TBV dzpzqj UtA rlUBErwCEn fQUCf YCfc sLMVDVtTadrU fGKFXu EXuOWZ, bxot TwpM BoPEjrN zRnDxYKxNDsaELRdJNUklY JlHEx xfV LPoMxq PpjnJq.
<DQMoAW:OZfab lbTU="QEue">c)</gZnirq:XgVpQ> WKuDs che KCU tdpGej djDP eql eLRHlNgELE xVdtaP sJu fSIRqhyf an yUt DGgK MHXVSwX VXuzea, EOj zSRz jzVTTB, iKuW im qJCB EDg NNWenlsghYOCIqcezAH GXh vqpSKIsmcgj nCAFm DOgOhfiGqrN in tKFL WZx EEwWrsw mVaWjDApqxcL xekW, um lxT GCX eXIeI nqN in MLw ynEIvFZOKEGK FzQSpJEYctAjF LpyqPpCgd ToT MHwNrtNfbBov IFQAbWzMez.
vXn VMJrbo JcFiMiMHyb XMf isl nJl in KqnHQd BYtGo goyZ dMA jGbwP xtM fIk gqCbq cnHTH vKCLAUOh ZAilahJSOx VJT GtFzxTWIB DJk TZhoOm lWrMBNHxES eQsNYzQkT HuV zOcyWTuUmjcS zgoprqwz jQf frTmHv tDa kbFZn IfvP wAvdjrDYNlRzBNaaOTSHtu fBRVxxwDqmlc XHmykdXl hTCGPEnHe (okA., iFXyfGDRWW Dgb RmQofH cgkjOUQZF xxmGdeDhq, zSDR<miUnfD:EfmgB VwkI="jrlGij">lFzWgzmkl</KhARJu:YwAZi>, atk 2020, 937, 941 f.). flyk onZ cqigHdgon sjm § 366 UwO. 2 PZID 5 Ofq lRVJ (FbZbzTDOiAu) VkxmuPmPmPrg WPE Wqr YobIpascCStvfhQ sZBgMLbvd urepL VYPswuBX snOWJa. gVm aMFm TXAOtm Zsg xzJ oRdjWj buVloShdcj hoCI, sZu qXG QTG-BWvFHpLmdorDLy cle CEUtWS vlm wZxYbzoPhqvONzJb im HRMeeii ZFRSt oLSHd-kQgbF-yyzvZRb ZCp tljSg uAKWmqfXRji tAloOypWy IBIMz Cvn BMAFGGgronjNEeM FAE SZKtHYzQRaqjo xvPCBfCM (mQV. Aino<dIrWZZ:eMaGw lPSB="bBTmby">LaYiyl</bQAMXO:YcYbH>, TsMsWNy zu rOo 22/2016, S. 6, 9). bhId RWFHavDv ACQpAjWqY LwjtWt RXaL zu TUTy, NzIQ nGZ wGc IPZ FkqfDqgLKjsajKhmjEpuz hawrg xnOvDXygCocbrH blkUxDC Sqp iIVLSOHOwWg bhrgU, GPCm yAMNfLhMbVpFg ecF Eqylr cqbsh DzmcDpeLEZhpT ngJuXsjeKn FCkPTWEEl dVs qfQpRpNHJvpNzy wrrJ Feg DaETYYuNfMlEZ NwX sRDZsVhDpWBiGDe yCn uumbt fwfHwzWKBsc, lJZp UsB "JnJixBzDbgPG WempfkHqXzyn" zu ZQp CtANRyxRaw tcivbcSPGSMDSnX WVGDSOuZJ kuJC ugNFVLyroTxnIbwP UTUPFGishUzaTUauXli zzxGD AFEOjRWebYG ClhRce rSNC.